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What Is Diabetes

The Story of Diabetes

Diabetes Diagnosis

Types of Diabetes

Type 1 Diabetes

Type 2 Diabetes

Symptoms of Diabetes

Testing for Diabetes

Diabetes Urine Testing     Glucose in Urine
    Ketones in Urine

Diabetes Blood Glucose Test
    Glucose Tolerance Test
    Self Monitoring Of Blood Glucose
    Glycated Hemoglobin

Other Diabetes Tests

Diabetes Treatment & Cure

Diabetes Nutrition     Carbohydrates, Fibre & Proteins
    Fats
    Vitamins
    Minerals
    Trace Elements
    Electrolytes

Nutritive Value Of Common Foods

Diabetes Diet

Planning A Diabetes Diet     Calories & Proteins
    Carbohydrates
    Fibre
    Glycaemic Index (Gi)
    Fats & Cholesterol
    Vitamins, Minerals & Water
    Spacing Of Meals & Food Exchanges
    Sweetening Agents
    Fibre
    Diabetic Foods & Beverages
    Alcohol
    Eating Out

Diet In Type 2 Diabetes

Diet In Type 1. Diabetes

Diabetes Food: Cookery

Diabetes & Exercise

Oral Drugs for Diabetes

Oral Drugs for Diabetes

Groups of Oral Drugs for Diabetes

Combinations Of Oral Drugs

Diabetes Insulin

Types of Insulin

Insulin Administration

Insulin Administration: SYRINGE

Insulin Storage Guidelines

Insulin Injection

Insulin Injection Technique

Problems in Insulin Injection

Complications of insulin treatment

SPECIAL INSULIN SYRINGES

INSULIN RESISTANCE

Symptoms of Hypoglycaemia

Causes of Hypoglycaemia

Prevention of Hypoglycaemia

Complications of Diabetes - SHORT TERM COMPLICATIONS

Complications of Diabetes - LONG TERM COMPLICATIONS

Diabetes Complications: Blood vessels And Hypertension

Diabetes Complications: Heart

Diabetes Complications: Blood Lipids And Brain

Diabetes Complications:Peripheral arterial disease

Diabetes Complications:Eyes

Diabetes Complications:Kidneys

Diabetes Complications:Nervous System

Diabetes Complications:Erectile dymsfuntion

Diabetes Complications:Autonomic neuropathy

Diabetes Complications:Joints & Skin

Diabetes Complications:Life Expectancy

Causes of Foot Problems in Diabetes

Prevention & CARE OF THE FEET

Causes of Diabetes in Children

Diet for Children with Diabetes

Care for Diabetic Children

Diabetes in Women

Menses & Fertility

Gestational diabetes mellitus

PREGNANCY In Diabetec Women

Diabetes in the Elderly

Management of Diabetes: Sick day management

Management of Diabetes: Hospitalization

Management of Diabetes: Surgical operations

Personal Problems

TRAVEL AND HOLIDAYS

Looking Ahead

PANCREAS AND ISLET TRANSPLANT

STEM CELL INJECTION & Technological advances

APPENDIX-1

APPENDIX-2

APPENDIX-3

APPENDIX-4

APPENDIX-5

APPENDIX-6

APPENDIX-7

APPENDIX-8

APPENDIX-9

Left Side

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Other blood and urine Diabetes tests

Blood lipid (fats) levels are elevated in diabetes. Since increased blood levels of these lipids play a role in the degeneration of arteries, a common complication of diabetes, an estimation of these lipids is carried out in diabetics from time to time.

A complete lipid profile (and not just scrum chelesterol) should be done at least on a yearly basis. A 12 hour fast (water is allowed) is necessary before estimation of serum triglycerides.

Urea and creatinine, the waste products of protein metabolism, are excreted mainly by the kidneys. These waste products accumulate in the blood when kidney function is unsatisfactory. Blood levels of these substances reflect kidney function, which may be impaired in long standing diabetes.

An estimation of hemoglobin is an essential part of any medical check-up. Anaemia or reduced hemoglobin is a common cause of ill health. A total and differential count of white blood cells is essential when infection is suspected.

Microalbuminuria means amount of albumin in urine which is more than normal but less than can be detected by ordinary clinical test (30-300 mg in 24 hours). It is a marker of kidney and heart disease. It is associated with high blood pressure, abnormal lipids and blood vessels and may occur even before the stage of frank diabetes.

The reports of various tests should be filed systematically for a ready reference. Wading through a jumble of husband's and wife's reports, bills of chemists and prescriptions is exasperating.