Left Side
What Is Diabetes
The Story of Diabetes
Diabetes Diagnosis
Types of Diabetes
Type 1 Diabetes
Type 2 Diabetes
Symptoms of Diabetes
Testing for Diabetes
Diabetes Urine Testing
Glucose in Urine
Ketones in Urine
Diabetes Blood Glucose Test
Glucose Tolerance Test
Self Monitoring Of Blood Glucose
Glycated Hemoglobin
Other Diabetes Tests
Diabetes Treatment & Cure
Diabetes Nutrition
Carbohydrates, Fibre & Proteins
Fats
Vitamins
Minerals
Trace Elements
Electrolytes
Nutritive Value Of Common Foods
Diabetes Diet
Planning A Diabetes Diet
Calories & Proteins
Carbohydrates
Fibre
Glycaemic Index (Gi)
Fats & Cholesterol
Vitamins, Minerals & Water
Spacing Of Meals & Food Exchanges
Sweetening Agents
Fibre
Diabetic Foods & Beverages
Alcohol
Eating Out
Diet In Type 2 Diabetes
Diet In Type 1. Diabetes
Diabetes Food: Cookery
Diabetes & Exercise
Oral Drugs for Diabetes
Oral Drugs for Diabetes
Groups of Oral Drugs for Diabetes
Combinations Of Oral Drugs
Diabetes Insulin
Types of Insulin
Insulin Administration
Insulin Administration: SYRINGE
Insulin Storage Guidelines
Insulin Injection
Insulin Injection Technique
Problems in Insulin Injection
Complications of insulin treatment
SPECIAL INSULIN SYRINGES
INSULIN RESISTANCE
Symptoms of Hypoglycaemia
Causes of Hypoglycaemia
Prevention of Hypoglycaemia
Complications of Diabetes - SHORT TERM COMPLICATIONS
Complications of Diabetes - LONG TERM COMPLICATIONS
Diabetes Complications: Blood vessels And Hypertension
Diabetes Complications: Heart
Diabetes Complications: Blood Lipids And Brain
Diabetes Complications:Peripheral arterial disease
Diabetes Complications:Eyes
Diabetes Complications:Kidneys
Diabetes Complications:Nervous System
Diabetes Complications:Erectile dymsfuntion
Diabetes Complications:Autonomic neuropathy
Diabetes Complications:Joints & Skin
Diabetes Complications:Life Expectancy
Causes of Foot Problems in Diabetes
Prevention & CARE OF THE FEET
Causes of Diabetes in Children
Diet for Children with Diabetes
Care for Diabetic Children
Diabetes in Women
Menses & Fertility
Gestational diabetes mellitus
PREGNANCY In Diabetec Women
Diabetes in the Elderly
Management of Diabetes: Sick day management
Management of Diabetes: Hospitalization
Management of Diabetes: Surgical operations
Personal Problems
TRAVEL AND HOLIDAYS
Looking Ahead
PANCREAS AND ISLET TRANSPLANT
STEM CELL INJECTION & Technological advances
APPENDIX-1
APPENDIX-2
APPENDIX-3
APPENDIX-4
APPENDIX-5
APPENDIX-6
APPENDIX-7
APPENDIX-8
APPENDIX-9
Left Side
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Menses & Fertility
Menses
Menses become irregular or may cease when diabetes is uncontrolled and become regular when diabetes is well controlled. The kidney threshold for glucose may be reduced during menstruation. Hence glucose may appear in urine even with normal blood glucose level. Fluctuations in blood glucose level may occur in different phases of the menstrual cycle. The pattern of fluctuations is characteristic of the particular individual. In some women with diabetes, the blood glucose level rises and the glucose appears in the urine just before the period is due. In such women, the insulin requirement increases before the period. After the period is over, the insulin requirement returns to normal. In some diabetic women, the blood glucose level may fall before the period and rise again after the period is over. Sanitary pads are preferable to tampons because tampons may give rise to severe bacterial infection that can produce shock. Pelvic infection is more common in tampon users.
Fertility
Until the introduction of insulin, conception was a problem with young diabetic women. Women with well controlled diabetes have normal fertility. Women with insulin resistance have brownish black pigmentation in the skin folds, typically in the nape of the neck, armipts and groins. These women may have associated oily skin, acne and unwanted facial and body hair. They are often obese and have irregular menses. Such women may have decreased fertility.