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Causes of Diabetes in Children

Diabetes is extremely rare before nine months of age and is uncommon in children. Its peak incidence in children is between 5 and 15 years of age. Diabetes in children differs in several respects from that in adults. The parents of a diabetic child have to shoulder considerable responsibility in managing the child. They should, therefore, understand this disease and its implications.

Causes of Diabetes in Children

Childhood diabetes is usually type 1. It is produced mostly by destruction of the beta cells of the paucreas, by various antibodies. The two factors that determine beta cell damage, are genetic susceptibility of the host and some environmental factors. Genetic susceptibility has to do with the genes in the HLA region of chromosome 6. Among the environmental factors, viruses, toxins and dietary factors have been implicated.

With an increase in childhood obesity, prevalence of type 2 diabetes is also increasing in children. Most of these children are near puberty.

Children of diabetic mothers are less likely to develop type 1 diabetes than childrcn of diabetic fathers.

Features

In children, the onset of diabetes is usually rapid. Severe thirst, excessive amount of urine, bedwetting, weight loss and weakness are common features of childhood diabetes. The child may get nausea, vomiting and even lapse into coma.

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Causes of Diabetes in Children